باشگاه شبکه گیاهی ایران
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Morus alba L.
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white mulberry, white-fruited mulberry
توت هراتی، توت سفید
خیر
معتدل
مرکز شمالی چین، مرکز جنوبی چین
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اطلاعات سایت GBIF
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| منتشر شده در | وضعیت نام گونه | نام گونه |
|---|---|---|
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. tatarica (L.) Ser. | |
| Perr. (1825). In: Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 3: 129. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus multicaulis (Perr.) Perr. |
| Lodd. (1836). In: Cat. Ex Loudon Arboret. 3: 1349. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus morettiana Lodd. |
| Steud. (1841). In: Nom. Ed. II. 2: 162. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus membranacea Steud. |
| Steud. (1841). In: Nom. Ed. II. 2: 162. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus mariettii Steud. |
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus macrophylla Steud. | |
| Loudon. (1838). In: Arboret. 3: 1350. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus lucida Loudon |
| Koidz. (1930). In: Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat.: 54. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus lhou (Ser.) Koidz. |
| Lavallée. (1877). In: Arb. Segrez. 240. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus levasseurei Lavallée |
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus latifolia Spach | |
| Lavallée. (1877). In: Arb. Segrez. 240. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus kaki Lavallée |
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus japonica Audib. ex Ser. | |
| Poir. ex Lam. (1797). In: Encyc. 4: 377. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus italica Poir. ex Lam. |
| Perr. (1833). In: Guill. Arch. Bot. 1: 234. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus intermedia Perr. |
| Loudon. (1838). In: Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 3: 1349, Nomen. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus hispanica Loudon |
| Loudon. (1838). In: Arboret. 3: I. 1361. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus heterophylla Loudon |
| Steud. (1841). In: Nomencl. Bot., Ed. 2, 2: 162. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus guzziola Steud. |
| Steud. (1841). In: Nom. Ed. II. 2: 162. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus furcata Steud. |
| Dippel. (1892). In: Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 10, Nomen. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus fastigiata Dippel |
| Royle. (1839). In: Illustr. Bot. Himalaya. 337. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus dulcis Royle |
| Bonaf. (1831). In: Sul. Gels. Philipp.: 7. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus cucullata Bonaf. |
| Poir. (1797). In: Lam. Encyc. 4: 381. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus constantinopolitana Poir. |
| Dippel. (1892). In: Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 10 Et 582. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus colombassa Dippel |
| Lodd. (1836). In: Cat. Ex Loudon Arboret. 3: 1350. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus chinensis Lodd. |
| Sieber ex Steud. (1841). In: Nom. Ed. II. 2: 162. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus byzantina Sieber ex Steud. |
| Balb. ex Loudon. (1838). In: Arboret. 3: 1348. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus bullata Balb. ex Loudon |
| Roxb. (1832). In: Hort. Beng. 67 (1814), Nomen, Fl. Ind. 3: 595. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus atropurpurea Roxb. |
| Koidz. (1917). In: Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 31: 35. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus arabica (Bureau) Koidz. |
| Raf. (1839). In: Amer. Man. Mulberry Trees: 91, Nom. Nud. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alpina Raf. |
| Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 8 (1892) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba f. pendula (Risso) Dippel |
| C. K. Schneid. (1904). In: Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 237. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. skeletoniana C.K.Schneid. |
| Beissn. (1903). In: Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 12: 127, Nom. Illeg. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. laciniata Beissn. |
| Wu, Y. B. (1994). In: Acta Bot. Yunnan. 16(2): 120. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. emarginata Y.B.Wu |
| Loudon. (1838). In: Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 3: 1348. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. multicaulis (Perr.) Loudon |
| Arbor. frutic. brit. 3:1358. 1838 | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. constantinopolitana Loudon |
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba f. alba | |
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. alba | |
| Audib. ex Bureau. (1873). In: A. DC., Prodr. 17: 239, Nomen. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus morettii Audib. ex Bureau |
| Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 3: 1350 (1838) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus chinensis Lodd. ex Loudon |
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. bungeana Bureau | |
| J.B.A.M.de Lamarck, Encycl. 4: 377 (1797) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus italica Poir. |
| Poir. (1797). In: Lam. Encyc. 4: 381. | Proparte synonym | Morus latifolia Poir. |
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus bombycis var. tiliifolia Koidz. | |
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba Sudw. | |
| Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 147 (1949) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba f. skeletoniana (C.K.Schneid.) Rehder |
| Bureau. (1873). In: A. DC., Prodr. 17: 242. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. nigriformis Bureau |
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus laciniata Audib. ex Loisel. | |
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba Bureau | |
| Descr. muriers 202, t. 12. 1855 | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba f. tatarica (L.) Ser. |
| Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 3: 1349 (1838) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus morettiana Lodd. ex Loudon |
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. latifolia (Poir.) Bureau | |
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus bombycis var. longistyla Koidz. | |
| Castanea 9: 51 (1944) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba f. nigrobacca Moldenke |
| Loudon. (1838). In: Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 3: 1358. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. tatarica (L.) Loudon |
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus bombycis var. angustifolia Koidz. | |
| Bureau. (1873). In: A. DC., Prodr. 17: 238. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. atropurpurea (Roxb.) Bureau |
| Homotypic synonym/مترادف همتایپی | Morus byzantina Sieber | |
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus bombycis var. bifida Koidz. | |
| Homotypic synonym/مترادف همتایپی | Morus morettii Audib. | |
| Homotypic synonym/مترادف همتایپی | Morus bullata Balb. | |
| Homotypic synonym/مترادف همتایپی | Morus laciniata Audib. | |
| Bureau. (1873). In: A. DC., Prodr. 17: 244. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. arabica Bureau |
| Delile. (1826). In: Bull. Soc. Centr. Agric. Dép. Hérault 13: 328. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. venosa Delile |
| L.Beissner, E.Schelle & H.Zabel, Handb. Laubholzben.: 91 (1903) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba f. venosa (Delile) Schelle |
| G. Kirchn. (1864). In: Petzold & Kirchner, Arbor. Muscav.: 543. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. laciniata G.Kirchn. |
| Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 243 (1826) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. hispanica Risso |
| Ser. (1855). In: Descr. Mûriers: 198. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. tenuifolia Ser. |
| Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 244 (1826) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. parvifolia Risso |
| Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 238 (1904) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba f. tatarica (L.) C.K.Schneid. |
| Moretti. (1841). In: Giorn. Imp. Reale Ist. Lombardo Sci. & Bibliot. Ital. 1: 99 بیشتر ... | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. italica (Poir.) Moretti |
| Loudon. (1838). In: Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 3: 1349. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. romana Loudon |
| Moretti. (1841). In: Giorn. Imp. Reale Ist. Lombardo Sci. & Bibliot. Ital. 1: 99 بیشتر ... | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. nervosa (Loudon) Moretti |
| Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. venosa (Delile) Spach, 1841 | |
| Ser. (1855). In: Descr. Mûriers: 212. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. nana Ser. |
| Moretti. (1841). In: Giorn. Imp. Reale Ist. Lombardo Sci. & Bibliot. Ital. 1: 98 بیشتر ... | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. macrophylla (Moretti) Moretti |
| Moretti. (n.d.). In: Index Seminum (PAV, Ticinensis) 1829: | Synonym/مترادف | Morus macrophylla Moretti |
| Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 246 (1826) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. nodulosa Risso |
| Ser. (1855). In: Descr. Mûriers: 207. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. columbassetta Ser. |
| Ser. (1855). In: Descr. Mûriers: 212. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. pyramidalis Ser. |
| Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 147 (1949) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba f. pyramidalis (Ser.) Rehder |
| C. K. Schneid. (1904). In: Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 238. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba f. macrophylla (Moretti) C.K.Schneid. |
| Ser. (1855). In: Descr. Mûriers: 206. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. colombassa Ser. |
| Ser. (1855). In: Descr. Mûriers: 212. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. fibrosa Ser. |
| Moretti. (1841). In: Giorn. Imp. Reale Ist. Lombardo Sci. & Bibliot. Ital. 1: 99 بیشتر ... | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. pumila (Balb.) Moretti |
| Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 243 (1826) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. meridionalis Risso |
| Bureau. (1873). In: A. DC., Prodr. 17: 241. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. vungeana Bureau |
| Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 245 (1826) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. papyracea Risso |
| Koch, K. (1849). In: Linnaea 22: 603, Nom. Nud. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. integrifolia K.Koch |
| Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 242 (1826) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. vulgaris Risso |
| Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 244 (1826) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. pendula Risso |
| Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 245 (1826) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. nodosa Risso |
| Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 244 (1826) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. erecta Risso |
| Bull. Div. Forest. U.S.D.A. 14: 189 (1897) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba subsp. pendula (Risso) Sudw. |
| Ser. (1855). In: Descr. Mûriers: 203. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. rosea Ser. |
| Ser. (1855). In: Descr. Mûriers: 208. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. lhou Ser. |
| Moretti. (1841). In: Giorn. Imp. Reale Ist. Lombardo Sci. & Bibliot. Ital. 1: 99 بیشتر ... | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. constantinopolitana (Poir.) Moretti |
| Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 246 (1826) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. elongata Risso |
| Ser. (1855). In: Descr. Mûriers: 219. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus multicaulis var. cucullata Ser. |
| Ser. (1855). In: Descr. Mûriers: 203. | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. morettii Ser. |
| Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 245 (1826) | Synonym/مترادف | Morus alba var. chartacea Risso |
| Gene ID | type | Description | Chromosomes | Genomic Accession Version |
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| psbA | PROTEIN_CODING | photosystem II protein D1 | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| rrn4.5 | rRNA | 4.5S ribosomal RNA | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnS-GCU | tRNA | tRNA-Ser | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnQ-UUG | tRNA | tRNA-Gln | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnK-UUU | tRNA | tRNA-Lys | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| ycf2 | PROTEIN_CODING | hypothetical chloroplast RF21 | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| ycf1 | PROTEIN_CODING | hypothetical chloroplast RF19 | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| ycf2 | PROTEIN_CODING | hypothetical chloroplast RF21 | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| ycf3 | PROTEIN_CODING | hypothetical chloroplast RF34 | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| rrn16 | rRNA | 16S ribosomal RNA | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| rrn23 | rRNA | 23S ribosomal RNA | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| rrn4.5 | rRNA | 4.5S ribosomal RNA | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| rrn5 | rRNA | 5S ribosomal RNA | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| ycf1 | PSEUDO | Plastid: chloroplast | ||
| rrn5 | rRNA | 5S ribosomal RNA | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| rrn23 | rRNA | 23S ribosomal RNA | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnR-UCU | tRNA | tRNA-Arg | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| rrn16 | rRNA | 16S ribosomal RNA | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| rpl2 | PROTEIN_CODING | ribosomal protein L2 | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| rpl23 | PROTEIN_CODING | ribosomal protein L23 | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| ndhB | PROTEIN_CODING | NADH-plastoquinone oxidoreductase subunit 2 | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| rps7 | PROTEIN_CODING | ribosomal protein S7 | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| rps15 | PROTEIN_CODING | ribosomal protein S15 | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| ndhH | PROTEIN_CODING | NADH-plastoquinone oxidoreductase subunit 7 | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| ndhA | PROTEIN_CODING | NADH-plastoquinone oxidoreductase subunit 1 | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| ndhI | PROTEIN_CODING | NADH-plastoquinone oxidoreductase subunit I | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| ndhG | PROTEIN_CODING | NADH-plastoquinone oxidoreductase subunit 6 | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| ndhE | PROTEIN_CODING | NADH-plastoquinone oxidoreductase subunit 4L | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| psaC | PROTEIN_CODING | photosystem I subunit VII | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| ndhD | PROTEIN_CODING | NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnG-UCC | tRNA | tRNA-Gly | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnC-GCA | tRNA | tRNA-Cys | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| rpl32 | PROTEIN_CODING | ribosomal protein L32 | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnL-CAA | tRNA | tRNA-Leu | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnI-CAU | tRNA | tRNA-Ile | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnL-CAA | tRNA | tRNA-Leu | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnV-GAC | tRNA | tRNA-Val | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnI-GAU | tRNA | tRNA-Ile | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnA-UGC | tRNA | tRNA-Ala | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnR-ACG | tRNA | tRNA-Arg | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnN-GUU | tRNA | tRNA-Asn | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnL-UAG | tRNA | tRNA-Leu | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnN-GUU | tRNA | tRNA-Asn | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnR-ACG | tRNA | tRNA-Arg | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnA-UGC | tRNA | tRNA-Ala | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnI-GAU | tRNA | tRNA-Ile | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnV-GAC | tRNA | tRNA-Val | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnI-CAU | tRNA | tRNA-Ile | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnD-GUC | tRNA | tRNA-Asp | Plastid: chloroplast | |
| trnP-UGG | tRNA | tRNA-Pro | Plastid: chloroplast | |
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Nowak, A. & Nobis, M. (eds.) (2020). Illustrated Flora of Tajikistan and adjacent areas 2: 367-766. PAN, Polish academy of sciences.
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